{"id":2259,"date":"2018-09-06T12:35:45","date_gmt":"2018-09-06T11:35:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/?p=2259"},"modified":"2022-11-23T09:57:36","modified_gmt":"2022-11-23T08:57:36","slug":"genre-pourquoi-lecriture-inclusive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/genre-pourquoi-lecriture-inclusive\/","title":{"rendered":"Pourquoi l\u2019\u00e9criture inclusive\u00a0?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le sexisme traverse toutes les couches de notre soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/strong>\u00a0: nos salaires, nos espaces publics, nos loisirs, nos attitudes\u2026
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

C\u2019est donc \u00ab\u00a0naturellement\u00a0\u00bb qu\u2019on le retrouve dans la langue qui traduit, \u00e0 sa mani\u00e8re, le principe de la domination masculine.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ne dit-on pas que \u00ab\u00a0le masculin l\u2019emporte\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0?<\/strong> Et aussi pour des termes genr\u00e9s\u00a0? Cette r\u00e8gle grammaticale, contrairement \u00e0 ce qu\u2019on pourrait croire, ne va pas de soi et n\u2019est en rien naturelle. Les dires de certains grammairiens peuvent nous \u00e9clairer quant \u00e0 sa justification. Le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre abb\u00e9 Bouhours<\/strong><\/span><\/a> \u00e9crit en 1675 que \u00ab\u00a0lorsque les deux genres se rencontrent, il faut que le plus noble l\u2019emporte\u00a0\u00bb. Mais Bauz\u00e9e<\/strong><\/span><\/a>, en 1767, est plus explicite\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0le genre masculin est r\u00e9put\u00e9 plus noble que le f\u00e9minin \u00e0 cause de la sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9 du m\u00e2le sur la femelle\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

La langue est donc ce produit culturel qui depuis des si\u00e8cles offre une forte visibilit\u00e9 au masculin<\/strong>, laquelle provient de d\u00e9cisions politiques<\/strong> en accord avec les acad\u00e9miciens, qui sont alors des hommes. Relevons, par ailleurs, que ces choix se r\u00e9alisent parall\u00e8lement aux volont\u00e9s de disparition des langues r\u00e9gionales (langues d\u2019o\u00efl et d\u2019oc). Ainsi, ne sont plus usit\u00e9s des termes tels qu\u2019autrice, po\u00e9tesse, etc. C\u2019est, en l\u2019occurrence, une des causes de la difficult\u00e9 pour certain-e-s de dire aujourd\u2019hui \u00e9crivaine, directrice\u2026 alors que m\u00eame le Moyen Age n\u2019y voyait aucun inconv\u00e9nient<\/strong> et qu\u2019aujourd\u2019hui on ne rencontre aucun probl\u00e8me \u00e0 parler de pu\u00e9ricultrices ou d\u2019infirmi\u00e8res pour des ensembles de personnes.<\/p>\n

Des \u00e9tudes ont mis en \u00e9vidence que lorsqu\u2019on demande de d\u00e9finir le sexe d\u2019une personne signant \u00ab\u00a0avocat\u00a0\u00bb\u2026, la grande majorit\u00e9 des personnes suppose qu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019un homme. Ce proc\u00e9d\u00e9 psycholinguistique n\u2019est, en r\u00e9alit\u00e9, que significatif des repr\u00e9sentations st\u00e9r\u00e9otypiques<\/strong> que nous nous faisons tous et toutes.<\/p>\n

C\u2019est pourquoi l\u2019\u00e9criture inclusive, ou l\u2019ensemble des attentions graphiques (orthographiques ou syntaxiques) permettant d\u2019assurer une \u00e9galit\u00e9 de repr\u00e9sentation des deux sexes, propose de mettre fin \u00e0 la soi-disant neutralit\u00e9 du masculin<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

La langue structure et construit la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 des locuteur-trice-s mais notre r\u00e9alit\u00e9 construit et structure \u00e9galement la langue. Celle-ci participe de l\u2019int\u00e9riorisation et de la perp\u00e9tuation des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s ainsi que des clich\u00e9s<\/strong>. Il est d\u00e8s lors impossible d\u2019attendre que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 change et que la langue suive d\u2019elle-m\u00eame. Il nous revient de saisir cette double influence afin de proposer une r\u00e9alit\u00e9 et une langue non discriminantes<\/strong> de sorte qu\u2019elles s\u2019influencent dialectiquement.<\/p>\n

Puisque l\u2019id\u00e9ologie est aussi \u00e0 l\u2019\u0153uvre dans la langue, il est n\u00e9cessaire de mettre fin \u00e0 l\u2019exception du f\u00e9minin. C\u2019est l\u2019humanit\u00e9 qui doit l\u2019emporter. Et elle n\u2019est pas constitu\u00e9e que d\u2019hommes avec, par accident, quelques femmes.<\/p>\n

Il s\u2019agit alors de consid\u00e9rer la langue comme un levier de combat contre les discriminations<\/strong> entre les sexes. Cet outil de lutte, lui aussi politique, est un instrument et un lieu d\u2019influence qui permet de s\u2019engager contre le sexisme<\/strong>. L\u2019objectif est de mettre fin \u00e0 l\u2019invisibilisation des femmes<\/strong> dans la langue, comme dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, o\u00f9 sont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s une majorit\u00e9 d\u2019hommes mais aussi de reconnaitre la place de ces hommes dans certains r\u00f4les le plus souvent associ\u00e9s \u00e0 des femmes.<\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9criture inclusive se situe donc dans la continuit\u00e9 des actions d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9alis\u00e9es pour l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 entre les personnes. La refuser revient \u00e0 r\u00e9cuser l\u2019implication et l\u2019engagement pour la non-discrimination et \u00e9quivaut \u00e0 l\u2019acceptation de valeurs sexistes et machistes.<\/p>\n

Pour celles et ceux pour qui la pratique parait compliqu\u00e9e, les institutions publiques francophones proposent des guides de communication sans st\u00e9r\u00e9otypes genr\u00e9s. Si l\u2019\u00e9criture inclusive peut sembler compliqu\u00e9e, c\u2019est parce qu\u2019elle est nouvelle et non enseign\u00e9e<\/strong>. Elle n\u2019est qu\u2019une question d\u2019habitude.<\/p>\n

___<\/p>\n

Ma\u00eblle De Brouwer<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le sexisme traverse toutes les couches de notre soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u00a0: nos salaires, nos espaces publics, nos loisirs, nos attitudes\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":73,"featured_media":4966,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[126],"tags":[31,81],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPourquoi l\u2019\u00e9criture inclusive\u00a0? - Jump<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/genre-pourquoi-lecriture-inclusive\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pourquoi l\u2019\u00e9criture inclusive\u00a0? - Jump\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le sexisme traverse toutes les couches de notre soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u00a0: nos salaires, nos espaces publics, nos loisirs, nos attitudes\u2026\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/genre-pourquoi-lecriture-inclusive\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jump\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ecolojfederal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-09-06T11:35:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-11-23T08:57:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2018\/09\/images-jump-articles100.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"627\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ma\u00eblle De Brouwer\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ecoloj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ecoloj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ma\u00eblle De Brouwer\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/genre-pourquoi-lecriture-inclusive\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/genre-pourquoi-lecriture-inclusive\/\",\"name\":\"Pourquoi l\u2019\u00e9criture inclusive\u00a0? 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