{"id":2693,"date":"2017-12-06T15:29:27","date_gmt":"2017-12-06T14:29:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/?p=2693"},"modified":"2022-08-05T14:58:56","modified_gmt":"2022-08-05T13:58:56","slug":"palestine-petit-lexique-de-palestine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/palestine-petit-lexique-de-palestine\/","title":{"rendered":"Petit lexique de la Palestine"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u2019analyse des discours<\/strong> des diff\u00e9rentes parties impliqu\u00e9es fait ressortir des mots qui sont souvent lourds de sens.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Lors de notre s\u00e9jour en Palestine, nous avons notamment eu des longs d\u00e9bats sur la diff\u00e9rence entre conflit et occupation. Plus r\u00e9cemment, on a vu Macron soutenir l\u2019amalgame entre antisionisme et antis\u00e9mitisme. Ce lexique non exhaustif est une tentative de partir de d\u00e9finitions pour clarifier le d\u00e9bat tout en assumant leur caract\u00e8re situ\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Antis\u00e9mitisme<\/strong><\/span> : Racisme envers les juifs.<\/p>\n

Apartheid<\/span><\/strong> : S\u00e9gr\u00e9gation raciale mat\u00e9rialis\u00e9e dans l\u2019espace et inscrite dans la loi, r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au syst\u00e8me d\u2019Afrique du Sud. [Remarque : Le cas de la rue divis\u00e9e \u00e0 H\u00e9bron avec le passage pour les Palestinien-ne-s s\u00e9par\u00e9 de celui des Isra\u00e9lien-ne-s, en est une illustration].<\/p>\n

BDS<\/strong><\/span> : Boycott D\u00e9sinvestissement Sanction, campagne lanc\u00e9e par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile palestinienne pour mettre la pression sur Isra\u00ebl.<\/p>\n

Cl\u00e9<\/span><\/strong> : Symbole de la r\u00e9sistance des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9-e-s palestinien-ne-s en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 leur maison qui se trouve dans les territoires occup\u00e9s et qui est parfois leur seule preuve de leur ancien droit de propri\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Colonisation<\/span><\/strong> : Action d\u2019annexion de territoire de facto, notamment via le transfert de population.<\/p>\n

Conflit <\/strong><\/span>: Opposition entre (au moins) deux parties. [Remarque : L\u2019utilisation du mot conflit est assez lisse puisqu\u2019elle ne fait pas r\u00e9f\u00e9rence aux rapports de forces, d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibr\u00e9s dans le cas de la Palestine].<\/p>\n

D\u00e9claration de Balfour <\/span><\/strong>: en 1917, la Grande-Bretagne promet au mouvement sioniste un foyer national pour le peuple juif en Palestine.<\/p>\n

Ligne verte<\/strong><\/span> : Aussi appel\u00e9e fronti\u00e8re de 1967, correspond au trac\u00e9 \u00e9tabli lors de la signature des accords d\u2019armistice en 1949. Dans l\u2019expression fronti\u00e8re de 1967, on se r\u00e9f\u00e8re au 4 juin 1967, veille de la guerre des six jours et du d\u00e9but de l\u2019occupation militaire de la Palestine.<\/p>\n

Sionisme<\/strong><\/span> : Id\u00e9ologie d\u00e9crite par Herzl \u00e0 la fin du XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle qui revendique la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019une nation juive en Palestine et un retour \u00e0 la terre sainte pour les juifs. [Remarque: La confusion entre antisionisme et antis\u00e9mitisme est souvent pratiqu\u00e9e par l\u2019extr\u00eame droite et la droite extr\u00eame d\u2019Isra\u00ebl. Voir l \u2019article de Dominique Vidal (2017)] .<\/p>\n

Mur de s\u00e9paration<\/strong><\/span> : Appel\u00e9 mur de la honte ou mur d\u2019apartheid par ses opposants. Il fut \u00e9difi\u00e9 \u00e0 partir de l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 2002, officiellement pour des motifs s\u00e9curitaires. Son trac\u00e9 ne suit la ligne verte que sur 20% de son parcours. Il englobe plusieurs grandes colonies isra\u00e9liennes \u00e9tablies en territoire palestinien occup\u00e9, ainsi que des milliers d\u2019hectares de terres arables palestiniennes . \u00c0 certains endroits, le mur s\u2019\u00e9carte de plus de 23 km de la ligne verte, \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur des territoires palestiniens.<\/p>\n

Occupation<\/strong><\/span> : Contr\u00f4le d\u2019un territoire par l\u2019arm\u00e9e. La force militaire occupante y faisant appliquer ses propres normes. Par exemple, l\u2019ordonnance militaire 101 interdit toute manifestation de plus de 10 personnes en Cisjordanie, et ce depuis 50 ans. Cela implique que lors de n\u2019importe quelle manifestation, des Palestiniens peuvent se faire arr\u00eater et juger devant des tribunaux militaires. Face aux tribunaux militaires, les Palestiniens sont d\u00e9poss\u00e9d\u00e9s de leurs droits et la condamnation y est pratiquement certaine (source Amnesty).<\/p>\n

R\u00e9sistance <\/strong><\/span>: Une r\u00e9ponse [consciente ou non] des subalternes face au pouvoir, une pratique qui d\u00e9fie et qui pourrait remettre en question le pouvoir (Vinthagen, 2007) [Remarque: des pratiques quotidiennes peuvent \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9es comme r\u00e9sistance surtout dans une situation d\u2019occupation comme en Palestine].<\/p>\n

___<\/p>\n

GB & Hugo P\u00e9rilleux Sanchez<\/strong><\/p>\n

___<\/p>\n

Sources :<\/p>\n

MARROUSHI, Nadine, \u00ab 50 ans d\u2019occupation isra\u00e9lienne : quatre r\u00e9alit\u00e9s scandaleuses \u00e0 propos de l\u2019ordonnance militaire 101 \u00bb, Amnesty International, 2017.<\/p>\n

VIDAL, Dominique. Antisionisme = antis\u00e9mitisme ? Une erreur historique, une faute politique. Mediapart 17 juillet 2017<\/a>.<\/p>\n

VINTHAGEN, Stellan. Understanding \u201cresistance\u201d: Exploring definitions, perspectives, forms and implications. E-journal. School of Global Studies. Gothenburg University, 2007.<\/p>\n

___<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019analyse des discours des diff\u00e9rentes parties impliqu\u00e9es fait ressortir des mots qui sont souvent lourds de sens.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":76,"featured_media":5097,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[125],"tags":[92],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPetit lexique de la Palestine - Jump<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/palestine-petit-lexique-de-palestine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Petit lexique de la Palestine - Jump\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u2019analyse des discours des diff\u00e9rentes parties impliqu\u00e9es fait ressortir des mots qui sont souvent lourds de sens.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/palestine-petit-lexique-de-palestine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jump\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ecolojfederal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-12-06T14:29:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-08-05T13:58:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2017\/12\/images-jump-articles120.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"627\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"GB et Hugo Perilleux Sanchez\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ecoloj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ecoloj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"GB et Hugo Perilleux Sanchez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/palestine-petit-lexique-de-palestine\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/palestine-petit-lexique-de-palestine\/\",\"name\":\"Petit lexique de la Palestine - 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