{"id":2696,"date":"2017-12-05T16:14:32","date_gmt":"2017-12-05T15:14:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/?p=2696"},"modified":"2022-08-05T14:00:37","modified_gmt":"2022-08-05T13:00:37","slug":"palestine-non-violence-apprentissages-de-palestine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/palestine-non-violence-apprentissages-de-palestine\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab Non-violence \u00bb quels apprentissages de Palestine ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Lors de notre voyage<\/strong>, nous avons particip\u00e9 \u00e0 la manifestation hebdomadaire de Bil\u2019in,<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

un village \u00e0 l\u2019ouest de la Cisjordanie dont les habitants d\u2019une part importante des terres avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 expropri\u00e9s par la construction du mur.<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s la manifestation, des jeunes, dont un que nous avions rencontr\u00e9 quelques jours auparavant, sont venu-e-s masqu\u00e9-e-s pour lancer des pierres avec leur fronde sur les soldats isra\u00e9liens. Comment devons-nous nous positionner par rapport \u00e0 ces actes de r\u00e9sistance ? Quelles limites pose la posture de la non-violence ? Parti-e-s de nos exp\u00e9riences militantes belges et aliment\u00e9-e-s par d\u2019autres rencontres dont les Sioux de Standing Rock<\/a>, nous avons \u00e9t\u00e9 confront\u00e9-e-s \u00e0 la situation en Palestine.<\/p>\n

La violence, un mot valise<\/span><\/h2>\n

Qu\u2019entend-on par violence ? Pour certain-e-s, \u00e9crire sur un mur peut-\u00eatre pris comme un acte violent. Pour d\u2019autres, d\u00e9chirer une chemise (PDG d\u2019Air France retenu par ses employ\u00e9-e-s) est un acte impardonnable. Que dire alors de ces jeunes qui lancent des pierres sur les soldats isra\u00e9liens, des attaques suicides aux couteaux contre les soldats ou encore des lanc\u00e9s de roquettes et de l\u2019action arm\u00e9e ? R\u00e9cemment, lors de la venue en Belgique des militante-s de Standing Rock (USA), un militant, \u00e9mu par ses propres propos, nous a racont\u00e9 qu\u2019il avait refus\u00e9 d\u2019utiliser un gun (!) et qu\u2019il s\u2019\u00e9tait tourn\u00e9 vers la non-violence. Pourtant, en introduction, iels nous avaient montr\u00e9 des images d\u2019actions qui ressemblaient \u00e0 des sc\u00e8nes d\u2019\u00e9meute avec des voitures br\u00fbl\u00e9es. On voit que la d\u00e9finition de violence est tr\u00e8s subjective et d\u00e9pend fort des contextes et des exp\u00e9riences.<\/p>\n

La violence d\u2019en face<\/span><\/h2>\n

Dans le d\u00e9bat sur la non-violence, il est r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement omis d’\u00e9voquer la violence faite par le pouvoir par le biais de politiques r\u00e9pressives. L\u2019occupation isra\u00e9lienne est d\u2019une extr\u00eame violence tant pour ses effets concrets (destructions de maisons, expropriation, privation de la libert\u00e9 de mouvement, humiliation, blocus, etc.) que pour la r\u00e9pression des mouvements de r\u00e9sistance (prisonniers politiques, arrestations arbitraires, assassinats, etc.). Lors de notre voyage, nous avons \u00e9t\u00e9 confront\u00e9-e-s \u00e0 cette violence. Nous avons vu une femme se faire humilier au check point de Kalandia, proche de J\u00e9rusalem. Nous avons rencontr\u00e9 des familles dont la maison avait \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truite \u00e0 trois reprises dans la vall\u00e9e du Jourdain, un jeune dont le fr\u00e8re est en prison, des personnes qui ont perdu des membres de leur famille. La pr\u00e9sentation du d\u00e9bat sur la violence, avec comme unique focalisation les actions de r\u00e9sistance, omet la violence du pouvoir.<\/p>\n

La non-violence, un mot qui s\u2019oppose explicitement<\/span><\/h2>\n

Lors de notre voyage, nous avons rencontr\u00e9 Nasser de l\u2019Alternative Information Center<\/a> \u00e0 Bethl\u00e9em. Selon lui, le terme non-violence s\u2019oppose explicitement au terme de violence. Ses partisan-e-s s\u2019identifieraient d\u2019abord en opposition \u00e0 celleux qui utiliseraient la violence. Ces derniers cr\u00e9ent de la division au sein du mouvement face \u00e0 l\u2019ennemi commun. Ceci fait le jeu du pouvoir dominant qui utilise le terme violent pour disqualifier les actions de r\u00e9sistance alors qu\u2019il d\u00e9tient le monopole de la violence qu\u2019il n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 utiliser.<\/p>\n

Quelle(s) posture(s) pr\u00e9coniser ?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Il est \u00e9tonnant de constater \u00e0 quel point les militant-e-s sont constamment oblig\u00e9-e-s de se justifier par rapport \u00e0 leur potentiel usage de violence. Au point que certain-e-s inscrivent la non violence dans leur identit\u00e9 (et pas seulement dans leurs modes d’action). Pourtant, il semble que cette obligation \u00e0 se justifier est largement impos\u00e9e par les ordres dominants (ici, Isra\u00ebl et ses alli\u00e9s). Il s’agit ainsi d’alimenter les r\u00e9flexions de l’opinion publique par autre chose que les revendications de ces groupes, permettant de cette fa\u00e7on de d\u00e9tourner l’attention des messages port\u00e9s par les groupes contestataires. D\u00e8s lors, on peut s’interroger sur l’utilit\u00e9 des \u00e9ternelles discussions sur la pertinence et sur la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 de la violence comme moyen de lutte, qui semblent plut\u00f4t cultiver le jugement et la division entre les mouvements contestataires. Cultivons plut\u00f4t la solidarit\u00e9 entre les luttes et surtout restons humbles : parfois, le meilleur soutien est d’\u00e9couter et relayer ce que celleux qui luttent ont \u00e0 dire et surtout, d’accepter qu\u2019il n’est pas toujours de notre r\u00f4le de juger de la pertinence d’un mode d’action plut\u00f4t que d’un autre.<\/p>\n

___<\/p>\n

Charlotte Casier & Hugo P\u00e9rilleux Sanchez<\/strong><\/p>\n

___<\/p>\n

Pour aller plus loin : Alors c\u2019est qui les casseurs ?<\/a>\u00a0 (Sur le traitement des cort\u00e8ges de t\u00eate \u00e0 Paris pendant les mobilisations sur la loi travail)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lors de notre voyage, nous avons particip\u00e9 \u00e0 la manifestation hebdomadaire de Bil\u2019in,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":77,"featured_media":5094,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":[],"categories":[125],"tags":[92],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u00ab Non-violence \u00bb quels apprentissages de Palestine ? - Jump<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/palestine-non-violence-apprentissages-de-palestine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00ab Non-violence \u00bb quels apprentissages de Palestine ? - Jump\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lors de notre voyage, nous avons particip\u00e9 \u00e0 la manifestation hebdomadaire de Bil\u2019in,\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/palestine-non-violence-apprentissages-de-palestine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jump\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ecolojfederal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-12-05T15:14:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-08-05T13:00:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2017\/12\/images-jump-articles119.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"627\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Charlotte Casier et Hugo Perilleux Sanchez\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ecoloj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ecoloj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Charlotte Casier et Hugo Perilleux Sanchez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/palestine-non-violence-apprentissages-de-palestine\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/palestine-non-violence-apprentissages-de-palestine\/\",\"name\":\"\u00ab Non-violence \u00bb quels apprentissages de Palestine ? 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