{"id":3116,"date":"2019-05-15T13:10:31","date_gmt":"2019-05-15T12:10:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/?p=3116"},"modified":"2022-07-28T22:24:55","modified_gmt":"2022-07-28T21:24:55","slug":"elections-climat-devons-changer-de-parle-t-on","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ecoloj.be\/goforclimatejustice\/jump\/elections-climat-devons-changer-de-parle-t-on\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9lections | Pour le climat, nous devons tout changer. Mais de quel \u00ab\u00a0nous\u00a0\u00bb parle-t-on\u00a0?"},"content":{"rendered":"

De jour en jour<\/strong>, les mobilisations pour le climat s\u2019intensifient, refl\u00e9tant une prise de conscience croissante de l\u2019urgence climatique<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Aujourd\u2019hui, cela ne fait nul doute\u00a0: au rythme auquel nous \u00e9mettons des gaz \u00e0 effet de serre, nous sommes en train de foncer droit dans le mur<\/strong>. Nous avons br\u00fbl\u00e9 trop d\u2019\u00e9nergies fossiles, nous avons coup\u00e9 trop d\u2019arbres, et nous avons trop pouss\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation. Nous devons changer de fa\u00e7on radicale<\/strong>. Mais de quel \u00ab\u00a0nous\u00a0<\/em>\u00bb parle-t-on, au juste\u00a0?<\/p>\n

Parle-t-on de l\u2019humanit\u00e9\u00a0?<\/span><\/h2>\n

C\u2019est ce que d\u00e9fendent les anthropoc\u00e9nistes.\u00a0L\u2019anthropoc\u00e8ne1<\/span><\/strong> (l\u2019\u00e8re de l\u2019humain), serait la nouvelle \u00e8re g\u00e9ologique dans laquelle nous vivons, marquant la fin de l\u2019holoc\u00e8ne2<\/strong><\/span>. Depuis la r\u00e9volution industrielle, notre esp\u00e8ce aurait eu un impact si important sur le r\u00e9chauffement climatique de la Terre, qu\u2019elle a provoqu\u00e9 une nouvelle \u00e8re g\u00e9ologique.<\/p>\n

Selon le concept de l\u2019anthropoc\u00e8ne, c\u2019est donc l\u2019esp\u00e8ce humaine, de fa\u00e7on globale, qui est \u00e0 pointer du doigt<\/strong> pour le changement climatique et ses cons\u00e9quences d\u00e9sastreuses. Or, selon Andreas Malm<\/strong>, professeur d\u2019\u00e9cologie humaine \u00e0 l\u2019universit\u00e9 de Lund, en Su\u00e8de, cette cat\u00e9gorisation est inexacte<\/strong>. En effet, en mettant la responsabilit\u00e9 de l\u2019anthropoc\u00e8ne sur l\u2019esp\u00e8ce humaine dans son ensemble, le r\u00f4le des premiers responsables du changement climatique est compl\u00e8tement occult\u00e9\u00a0: il s\u2019agit d\u2019abord de puissants hommes blancs capitalistes<\/strong>, qui dominent et stimulent l\u2019extraction et l\u2019utilisation des \u00e9nergies fossiles. Repr\u00e9sentent-ils \u00e0 eux seuls l\u2019esp\u00e8ce humaine\u00a0?<\/strong> C\u2019est contestable.<\/p>\n

Au-del\u00e0 de la question de l\u2019occultation du capitalisme, le concept m\u00eame de l\u2019anthropoc\u00e8ne est ethnocentriste d\u2019un point de vue occidental<\/strong>. Historiquement, les occidentaux (ou plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, de riches hommes blancs) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 les principaux responsables du changement climatique. Les personnes racis\u00e9es, non blanches<\/strong> (qui repr\u00e9sentent la majorit\u00e9 de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce humaine), et surtout celles d\u2019Afrique subsaharienne3<\/span><\/strong>, n\u2019ont jou\u00e9 qu\u2019un r\u00f4le tr\u00e8s secondaire et subordonn\u00e9 dans cette affaire<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Les blancs repr\u00e9senteraient-ils toute l\u2019humanit\u00e9\u00a0?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Mettre tou\u00b7te\u00b7s les humain\u00b7e\u00b7s dans le m\u00eame bateau<\/strong>, comme l\u2019exige l\u2019anthropoc\u00e8ne, c\u2019est soit de l\u2019ethnocentrisme, soit de la malhonn\u00eatet\u00e9 intellectuelle. Soit l\u2019anthropoc\u00e8ne consid\u00e8re les personnes racis\u00e9es comme \u00e9tant tout autant responsable du changement climatique, ce qui est compl\u00e8tement faux. Soit, l\u2019anthropoc\u00e8ne exclut les personnes racis\u00e9es (et en particulier, les noires) de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce humaine, consid\u00e9rant que les blancs suffisent \u00e0 repr\u00e9senter toute l\u2019esp\u00e8ce.<\/p>\n

Le concept d\u2019anthropoc\u00e8ne p\u00e8che donc par deux points\u00a0: son occultation du capitalisme, et son ethnocentrisme.<\/span><\/h2>\n

Tou\u00b7te\u00b7s les humain\u00b7e\u00b7s ne portent certainement pas la m\u00eame responsabilit\u00e9 quant au changement climatique<\/h4>\n

S\u2019il est de la faute de tout le monde, il n\u2019est de la faute de personne. Or, il y a bel et bien certains \u00eatres humains qui en sont responsables.<\/p>\n

La prochaine fois que vous dites \u00ab\u00a0nous\u00a0\u00bb en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la destruction de la plan\u00e8te, pr\u00e9cisez bien de quel \u00ab\u00a0nous\u00a0\u00bb vous parlez<\/strong>\u2026<\/p>\n

___<\/p>\n

1<\/strong><\/span> \u00ab\u00a0La plupart des scientifiques sont d\u2019accord pour dire que les humains ont contribu\u00e9 au r\u00e9chauffement climatique de la Terre depuis la r\u00e9volution industrielle. Certains pr\u00e9tendent m\u00eame que nous vivons dans une nouvelle \u00e8re g\u00e9ologique, l\u2019\u00e8re anthropoc\u00e8ne.\u00a0\u00bb – Nature, le 12 f\u00e9vrier 2004, cit\u00e9 par Merriam-Webster [en ligne], consult\u00e9 le 13\/04\/2019.<\/p>\n

2<\/span><\/strong> \u00ab L\u2019Holoc\u00e8ne est une p\u00e9riode de transition entre le Pl\u00e9istoc\u00e8ne et les Temps actuels, qui d\u00e9buta il y a 10\u00a0000\u00a0ans avec la fin de la derni\u00e8re glaciation (W\u00fcrm-Wisconsin) \u00e0 laquelle succ\u00e9da un r\u00e9chauffement progressif. \u00bb Mich\u00e8le\u00a0Julien, \u00ab\u00a0HOLOC\u00c8NE\u00a0\u00bb, Encyclop\u00e6dia Universalis [en ligne], consult\u00e9 le 14\/04\/2019.<\/p>\n

3<\/span><\/strong> L\u2019Afrique est par ailleurs consid\u00e9r\u00e9e par l\u2019ONU comme \u00e9tant le continent \u00ab\u00a0le plus vuln\u00e9rable face au changement climatique\u00a0\u00bb, alors qu\u2019elle y contribue le moins.<\/p>\n

___<\/p>\n

J\u00e9r\u00e9my Herry<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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